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Indias Health Capital, City of flyover. Location of Chennai in Tamil Nadu. Coordinates 1. 35N8. E 1. 3. 0. 83N 8. E 1. 3. 0. 83 8. Coordinates 1. N8. E 1. 3. 0. 83N 8. E 1. 3. 0. 83 8. Country India. State. Tamil Nadu. District. Chennai, Kanchipuram. TiruvallurAFormer name. Madras. Established. Government  Type. MayorCouncil  Body. Greater Chennai Corporation  Mayor. Saidai Duraisamy2  Corporation Commissioner. D Karthikeyan IAS  Police Commissioner. Karan Sinha3IPSArea456  Metropolis. Metro651,1. 89 km. Elevation. 6 m 2. Population 2. 01. Metropolis. 7,0. 88,0. Rank. 5th  Metro88,6. Extended UA7  Metro rank. DemonymsChennaiite. Languages  Native. Tamil  Official. Tamil, and English. Time zone. IST UTC0. Pincodes6. 00xxx. Area codes9. 1 4. Vehicle registration. TN 0. 1 to TN 1. TN 1. TN 2. 2, TN 8. Metro GDP5. PPP91. 0Website. Chennai Corporation. Chennai   listen formerly known as. Madras  listen or 1. Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is one of the biggest cultural, economic and educational centres in South India. According to the 2. Indian census, it is the fifth largest city and fourth most populous urban agglomeration in India. The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan Area, which is the 3. Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists. It was ranked 4. 3rd most visited city in the world for year 2. The Quality of Living Survey rated Chennai as the safest city in India. Chennai attracts 4. India, and 3. 0 to 4. As such, it is termed Indias health capital. As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country, Chennai confronts substantial pollution and other logistical and socio economic problems. Chennai had the third largest expatriate population in India at 3. Tourism guide publisher Lonely Planet named Chennai as one of the top ten cities in the world to visit in 2. Chennai is ranked as a beta level city in the Global Cities Index 2. India by India Today in the 2. Indian city survey. In 2. 01. 5 Chennai was named the hottest city worth visiting, and worth living in for long term by the BBC, citing the mixture of both modern and traditional values. National Geographic ranked Chennais food as second best in the world it was the only Indian city to feature in the list. Chennai was also named the ninth best cosmopolitan city in the world by Lonely Planet. In October 2. 01. Chennai was added to the UNESCO Creative Cities Network UCCN list for its rich musical tradition. The Chennai Metropolitan Area is one of the largest city economies of India. Chennai is nicknamed The Detroit of India, with more than one third of Indias automobile industry being based in the city. In January 2. 01. GDP. 2. 7 Chennai has been selected as one of the 1. Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modis flagship Smart Cities Mission. On 9 November 2. 01. Chennai has been included in United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCOs Creative Cities Network for its rich musical tradition. Etymology. The name Madras originated even before the British presence was established in India. The origin of the name is unclear one suggestion of several is that it may have originated from a Portuguese phrase me de Deus, which means mother of God, due to Portuguese influence on the port city, specifically referring to a Church of St. Mary. 2. 9 According to some sources, Madras was derived from Madraspattinam, a fishing village north of Fort St George. However, it is uncertain whether the name was in use before the arrival of Europeans. The British military mapmakers believed Madras was originally Mundir raj or Mundiraj. A Vijayanagar era inscription dated to the year 1. Limewire 4.18 8. Mdarasanpattanam, along with other small ports on the east coast was discovered in 2. Royapuram. 3. 3In 1. Government of Tamil Nadu officially changed the name from Madras to Chennai. At that time many Indian cities underwent a change of name. However, the name Madras continues in occasional use for the city,3. University of Madras, IIT Madras, Madras Institute of Technology, Madras Medical College, Madras Veterinary College, Madras Christian College. History. Clive House at Fort St. George, Madras said to be the first English settlement in India during 1. An 1. 8th century portrait depicting Fort St. George, the first major English settlement in India and the foundation stone of Chennai. Maquinas Para Hacer Bolis Manual. Stone age implements have been found near Pallavaram in Chennai. According to the Archaeological Survey of India ASI, Pallavaram was a megalithic cultural establishment, and pre historic communities resided in the settlement. The region around Chennai has served as an important administrative, military, and economic centre for many centuries. Audials One 10 License Key there. During the 1st century CE, a poet and weaver named Thiruvalluvar lived in the town of Mylapore a neighbourhood of present Chennai. From the 1st1. 2th century the region of present Tamil Nadu and parts of South India was ruled by the Cholas. The Pallavas of Kanchi built the areas of Mahabalipuram and Pallavaram during the reign of Mahendravarman I. They also defeated several kingdoms including the Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas who ruled over the area before their arrival. Sculpted caves and paintings have been identified from that period. Ancient coins dating to around 5. BC have also been unearthed from the city and its surrounding areas. A portion of these findings belonged to the Vijayanagara Empire, which ruled the region during the medieval period. The Portuguese first arrived in 1. So Tom after the Christian apostle, St. Thomas, who is believed to have preached in the area between 5. CE. In 1. 61. 2, the Dutch established themselves near Pulicat, north of Chennai. On 2. 0 August 1. Francis Day of the East India Company along with the Nayak of Kalahasti. Damarla Chennappa Nayakudu, the Military administrator under Vijayanagar Emperor travelled to Chandragiri palace to meet the Vijayanagara King Peda Venkata Raya4. Coromandel Coast from in Chandragiri as a place to build a factory and warehouse for their trading activities. The region was then primarily a fishing village known as Madraspatnam. A year later, the English built Fort St. George, the first major English settlement in India,4. Chennai, grew around this Fort. Post independence the fort housed the Tamil Nadu Assembly until the new Secretariat building was opened in 2. Fort St. George, due to a change in the Government. In 1. 74. 6, Fort St. George and Madras were captured by the French under General La Bourdonnais, the Governor of Mauritius, who plundered the town and its outlying villages. The British regained control in 1. Treaty of Aix la Chapelle and strengthened the towns fortress wall to withstand further attacks from the French and Hyder Ali, the Sultan of Mysore. They resisted a French siege attempt in 1. Eyre Coote. 5. 0 In 1. Mysore and the British were defeated by Hyder Ali, after which the Treaty of Madras ended the war. By the 1. 8th century, the British had conquered most of the region around Tamil Nadu and the northern modernday states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, establishing the Madras Presidency with Madras as the capital.